Appendix 1. Species abundance according to sampling sites: S1, Canton A; S2, Canton C; and S3, Canton E.
Appendix 1. Species abundance according to sampling sites: S1, Canton A; S2, Canton C; and S3, Canton E.
| Species abundance | ||||
| Famillies | Species | S1 | S2 | S3 |
| Anthicidae | Notoxus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1760) | 2 | 119 | 0 |
| Notoxus trifasciatus Rossi, 1792 | 64 | 11 | 11 | |
| Stricticomus transversalis (A. Villa & J.B. Villa, 1833) | 16 | 2 | 0 | |
| Bruchela rufipes rufipes (Olivier, 1790) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Brentidae | Kalcapion semivittatum (Gyllenhal, 1833) | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Ceratapion robusticorne (Desbrochers des Loges, 1866) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Buprestidae | Acmaeodera bipunctata kureimatica Escalera, 1914 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Acmaeoderella adspersula (Illiger, 1803) | 4 | 377 | 91 | |
| Acmaeoderella discoidea (Fabricius, 1787) | 8 | 124 | 5 | |
| Acmaeoderella lanuginosa (Gyllenhall, 1817) | 2 | 65 | 21 | |
| Agrilus biguttatus (Fabricius, 1777) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Agrilus graminis mamorensis Théry, 1930 | 4 | 14 | 0 | |
| Agrilus ruficollis (Fabricius, 1787) | 0 | 9 | 0 | |
| Anthaxia anatolica ferulae Gené, 1839 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Anthaxia millefolii polychloros Abeille de Perrin, 1894 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
| Anthaxia nitidula (Linné, 1758) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Anthaxia umbellatarum umbellatarum (Fabricius, 1787) | 1 | 13 | 2 | |
| Habroloma triangulare (Lacordaire, 1835) | 0 | 6 | 0 | |
| Perotis unicolor igniventris Escalera, 1914 | 0 | 2 | 1 | |
| Trachys minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 3 | 1 | 0 | |
| Cantharidae | Malthinus sp. | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Malthinus flaveolus (Herbst, 1786) | 0 | 12 | 0 | |
| Carabidae | Acinopus picipes (Olivier, 1795) | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| Agonum numidicum (Lucas, 1846) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Amara aenea (De Geer, 1774) | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
| Anisodactylus binotatus (Fabricius, 1787) | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cryptophonus tenebrosus (Dejean, 1829) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Calathus circumseptus Germar, 1824 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Calathus fuscipes algiricus Gautier des Cottes, 1866 | 0 | 5 | 0 | |
| Calathus mollis atticus Gautier des Cottes, 1867 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Carabus faminii favieri Fairmaire, 1859 | 7 | 14 | 1 | |
| Carabus rugosus rugosus Fabricius, 1792 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Cicindela maroccana Fabricius, 1801 | 3 | 5 | 2 | |
| Platytarus faminii (Dejean, 1826) | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Dromius agilis (Fabricius, 1787) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Graphipterus exclamationis (Fabricius, 1792) | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Harpalus attenuatus Stephens, 1828 | 14 | 0 | 0 | |
| Harpalus serripes serripes (Quensel, 1806) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Microlestes abeillei brisouti Holdhaus, 1912 | 5 | 4 | 0 | |
| Ocys tachysoides (Antoine, 1933) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Paradromius linearis linearis (Olivier, 1795) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Philorhizus quadrisignatus (Dejean, 1825) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Poecilus baeticus gharbensis (Alluaud, 1927) | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Pterostichus elongatus (Duftschmid, 1812) | 14 | 105 | 12 | |
| Pterostichus globosus pecoudi (Antoine, 1922) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Scarites terricola terricola Bonelli, 1813 | 9 | 25 | 23 | |
| Sphodrus leucophthalmus (Linné, 1758) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Syntomus foveatus (Geoffrey, 1785) | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Trymosternus colombati Antoine, 1934 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Cerambycidae | Nathrius brevipennis (Mulsant, 1839) | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Stenopterus ater (Linnaeus, 1767) | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Stictoleptura tangeriana (Tournier, 1875) | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Trichoferus ilicis Sama, 1987 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Chrysomelidae | Bruchidius biguttatus (Olivier, 1800) | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| Bruchidius bimaculatus (Olivier, 1800) | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bruchidius cisti (Fabricius, 1787) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Bruchus pisorum (Linnaeus, 1758) | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Bruchidius rubiginosus (Desbrochers des Loges, 1869) | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Cassida flaveola Thunberg, 1794 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cassida vittata Villers, 1789 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Chrysolina americana (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Chrysolina kocheri (Codina Padilla, 1961) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cryptocephalus rabatensis Pic, 1953 | 3 | 7 | 0 | |
| Cryptocephalus luridicollis Suffrian, 1868 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cryptocephalus rugicollis Olivier, 1791 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Dibolia sp. | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Labidostomis longimana (Linnaeus 1761) | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| Lachnaia hirta (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Psylliodes napi (Fabricius, 1792) | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| Longitarsus sp. | 0 | 4 | 0 | |
| Spermophagus sericeus (Geoffroy, 1785) | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Cleridae | Opilo domesticus (Sturm, 1837) | 1 | 7 | 0 |
| Coccinellidae | Adalia decempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) | 5 | 3 | 1 |
| Coccinella algerica Kovář, 1977 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| Hyperaspis duvergeri Fürsch, 1985 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Oenopia lyncea lyncea (A. G. Olivier, 1808) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Platynaspis luteorubra (Goeze, 1777) | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Rhyzobius chrysomeloides (Herbst, 1792) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Rhyzobius litura (Fabricius, 1787) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant, 1850) | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Scymnus subvillosus (Goeze, 1777) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Corylophidae | Orthoperus anxius Mulsant & Rey, 1861 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Cryptophagidae | Cryptophagus dentatus (Herbst, 1793) | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Curculionidae | Brachycerus barbarus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Brachycerus muricatus Olivier, 1790 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Brachyderes pubescens Boheman. 1833 | 0 | 12 | 0 | |
| Brachypera zoilus (Scopoli, 1763) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Charagmus griseus (Fabricius. 1775) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Ceutorynchus contractus (Marsham. 1802) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Coeliodes ilicis (Bedel, 1885) | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Coeliodes ruber (Marsham. 1802) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Gronops lunatus (Fabricius, 1775) | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Liophloeus tessulatus (O. F. Muller, 1776) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Listroderes costirostris Schoenherr, 1826 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Maurobaris spoliata (Boheman, 1836) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mecinus pascuorum (Gyilenhal, 1813) | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Mecinus pyraster (Herbst, 1795) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Micrelus ferrugatus (Perris. 1847) | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Microplontus molitor (Gyllenhal, 1837) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Orchestes erythropus (Germar, 1821) | 0 | 4 | 0 | |
| Orchestes irroratus maroccanus (Roudier, 1954) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Orchestes rusci (Herbst, 1795) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Otiorhynchus cribricollis (Gyilenhal. 1834) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Philopedon sp. | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Nanophyes rubricus Rosenhauer, 1856 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| Trachyphloeus denticulatus Escalera, 1914 | 8 | 0 | 1 | |
| Tropiphorus sp. | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dasytidae | Dasytes nigroaeneus Küster, 1850 | 49 | 521 | 8 |
| Dasytes terminalis Jacquelin du Val, 1863 | 1 | 9 | 5 | |
| Dermestidae | Anthrenus angustefasciatus Ganglbauer, 1904 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| Anthrenus museorum (Linnaeus, 1761) | 1 | 6 | 5 | |
| Anthrenus pimpinellae (Fabricius, 1775) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Anthrenus verbasci (Linnaeus, 1767) | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Attagenus smirnovi Zhantiev, 1973 | 56 | 5 | 5 | |
| Attagenus trifasciatus (Fabricius, 1787) | 5 | 109 | 1 | |
| Attagenus unicolor unicolor (Brahm, 1790) | 16 | 1 | 0 | |
| Dermestes frischii Kugelann, 1792 | 11 | 4 | 1 | |
| Dermestes maculatus De Geer, 1774 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dermestes peruvianus Laporte de Castelnau, 1840 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Megatoma sp. | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Thorictus castaneus castaneus Germar, 1834 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Trogoderma sp. | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Elateridae | Ampedus balteatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Agriotes sordidus (Illiger, 1807) | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cardiophorus ruflpes (Goeze, 1777) | 2 | 4 | 0 | |
| Cebrio ruficollis Fabricius, 1798 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Drasterius bimaculatus (Rossi, 1790) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Lacon punctatus punctatus (Herbst, 1779) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Endomychidae | Lycoperdina sp. | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Geotrupidae | Thorectes distinctus Marseul, 1878 | 39 | 264 | 12 |
| Typhaeus typhoeus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 3 | 0 | 1 | |
| Glaphyridae | Anthypna meles (Fabricius, 1792) | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Eulasia goudoutii (Laporte, 1840) | 779 | 17 | 12 | |
| Histeridae | Hister moerens Erichson, 1834 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Hister maroccanus J. Schmidt, 1887 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Hypocaccus brasiliensis (Paykull, 1811) | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Hypocaccus rugiceps (Duftschmid, 1805) | 0 | 3 | 5 | |
| Pactolinus major (Linnaeus, 1767) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Saprinus acuminatus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1798) | 20 | 15 | 8 | |
| Saprinus figuratus Marseul, 1855 | 23 | 12 | 0 | |
| Saprinus chalcites (Illiger, 1807) | 7 | 1 | 8 | |
| Saprinus proximus simillimus Wollaston, 1865 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Laemophloeidae | Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens, 1831) | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Laemophloeus monilis (Fabricius, 1787) | 0 | 9 | 0 | |
| Latridiidae | Corticarina cavicollis (Mannerheim, 1844) | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Corticarina curta (Wollaston, 1854) | 1 | 6 | 9 | |
| Leiodidae | Agathidium marocanum Hlisnikovsky,1968 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
| Catops coracinus (Kellner, 1846) | 0 | 25 | 1 | |
| Ptomaphagus tenuicornis mauritanicus (Jeannel, 1934) | 0 | 3 | 0 | |
| Meloidae | Actenodia distincta (Chevrolat, 1840) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Cerocoma schaefferi (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Hycleus duodecimpunctatus (Olivier, 1811) | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| Hycleus rufipalpis (Escalera, 1909) | 66 | 891 | 276 | |
| Mylabris sp. | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Scarabaeidae | Amphimallon sp. | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Euserica mamorensis Baraud, 1965 | 48 | 7 | 4 | |
| Hoplia argentea (Poda Von Neuhaus, 1761) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hoplia philanthus gagates (Bedel, 1911) | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Hymenoplia sp. | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Pachydema sp. | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Paratriodonta kocheri (Baraud, 1961) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Sphodroxia maroccana Ley, 1923 | 6 | 5 | 6 | |
| Melyridae | Charopus rotundatus Erichson, 1840 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Colotes javeti Jacquelin du Val, 1852 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Colotes punctatus (Erichson, 1840) | 3 | 0 | 5 | |
| Mordellidae | Mediimorda bipunctata (Germar, 1827) | 1 | 9 | 2 |
| Mordella aculeata Linnaeus, 1758 | 7 | 30 | 7 | |
| Variimorda ragusai (Emery, 1876) | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Nitidulidae | Carpophilus hemipterus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Epuraea aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 26 | 0 | |
| Epuraea unicolor (A. G. Olivier, 1790) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Nitidula rufipes (Linnaeus, 1767) | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Meligethes aeneus (Fabricius, 1775) | 1 | 14 | 1 | |
| Oedemeridae | Oedemera barbara (Fabricius, 1792) | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Oedemera simplex (Linnaeus, 1767) | 0 | 6 | 0 | |
| Ptinidae | Dignomus dilophus (Illiger, 1807) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dignomus gibbicollis (P. H. Lucas, 1846) | 1 | 4 | 0 | |
| Mesocoelopus niger (P. W. J. Müller, 1821) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mizodorcatoma dommeri (Rosenhauer, 1856) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Ptinus bidens A. G. Olivier, 1790 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Ptinus spitzyi A. Villa & G. B. Villa, 1838 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Stegobium paniceum (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | 5 | 0 | |
| Xyletinus bucephalus (Illiger, 1807) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Phalacridae | Olibrus afflnis (Sturm, 1807) | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Stilbus testaceus (Panzer, 1797) | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Scarabaeidae | Aethiessa floralis (Fabricius, 1787) | 177 | 33 | 8 |
| Aphodius haemorrhoidalis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Aphodius lividus (Olivier, 1789) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Aphodius merdarius (Fabricius, 1775) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Aphodius sturmi (Harold, 1870) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Onitis alexis septentrionalis Balthasar, 1942 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Euoniticellus pallipes (Fabricius, 1781) | 0 | 5 | 0 | |
| Onthophagus taurus Schreber, 1759 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Onthophagus maki (Illiger, 1803) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Onthophagus similis (Scriba, 1790) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Euonthophagus crocatus (Mulsant & Godrat, 1873) | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Onthophagus vacca (Linnaeus, 1767) | 4 | 38 | 3 | |
| Oryctes nasicornis grypus (Illiger1803) | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Oxythyrea funesta (Poda von Neuhaus, 1761) | 129 | 46 | 150 | |
| Phyllopertha horticola (Linnaeus, 1758) | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Protaetia morio heyrovskyi (Balthasar, 1935) | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
| Scarabaeus cicatricosus Lucas, 1846 | 0 | 6 | 2 | |
| Scarabaeus sacer Linnaeus, 1758 | 1 | 4 | 0 | |
| Tropinota squalida pilosa (Brullé, 1832) | 5 | 2 | 10 | |
| Tropinota hirta (Poda von Neuhaus, 1761) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Scirtidae | Prionocyphon sp. | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Curculionidae | Platypus cylindrus (Fabricius, 1792) | 3 | 34 | 3 |
| Xyleborus monographus (Fabricius, 1792) | 6 | 22 | 1 | |
| Dryocoetes autographus (Ratzeburg, 1837) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Eidophelus fagi (Berger, 1917) | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hypoborus ficus Erichson, 1836 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Scraptiidae | Scraptia ophthalmica (Mulsant, 1856) | 1 | 5 | 3 |
| Anaspis flava (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 14 | 0 | |
| Staphylinidae | Scydmaenus tingitanus (Franz, 1962) | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Silphidae | Silpha tristis Illiger, 1798 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Silpha olivieri Bedel, 1887 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Thanatophilus sinuatus (Fabricius, 1775) | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Staphylinidae | Bolitobius cingulatus (Mannemeim, 1830) | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Eusphalerum torquatum torquatum Marsham, 1802 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Gabrius appendiculatus Sharp, 1910 | 1 | 1 | 9 | |
| Micropeplus staphylinoides Marsham, 1802 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Ontholestes marginalis (Gene, 1836) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Oxytelus sculptus Gravenhorst, 1806 | 1 | 89 | 2 | |
| Tachyporus sp. | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Xantholinus linearis (Olivier, 1795) | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Tenebrionidae | Adelostoma sulcatum sulcatum Duponchel, 1827 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Akis tingitana Lucas, 1859 | 1 | 4 | 0 | |
| Alphasida (Glabrasida) iblanensis reymondi Antoine, 1952 | 0 | 4 | 1 | |
| Arthrodeis globulosus Escalera, 1922 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
| Blaps ovipennis Seidlitz, 1893 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
| Cheirodes brevicollis (Wollaston, 1864) | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cheirodes sardous sardous Gene, 1839 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Erodius sp. | 11 | 563 | 5 | |
| Erodius granipennis Fairmaire, 1871 | 55 | 239 | 218 | |
| Heliotaurus ruficollis tangerianus Escalera, 1922 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Isomira melanophtalma (Lucas, 1846) | 0 | 10 | 6 | |
| Latheticus oryzae Waterhouse, 1880 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Misolampus goudotii goudotii Guénn-Mémville, 1834 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Pachychila salzmanni (Eschscholtz 1831) | 2 | 24 | 0 | |
| Pachychila alluaudi Peyerimhoff, 1925 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Pachychila punctata mamorensis Antoine, 1942 | 23 | 235 | 10 | |
| Philhammus sp. | 3 | 0 | 1 | |
| Pimelia capillata Solier, 1836 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Pimelia platynota Fairmaire, 1875 | 2 | 33 | 4 | |
| Pimelia subris Koch, 1941 | 8 | 158 | 2 | |
| Scaurus gigas Waltl, 1835 | 3 | 16 | 2 | |
| Sepidium aliferum Erichson, 1841 | 12 | 30 | 0 | |
| Stenomax foudrasii (Mulsant, 1854) | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Stenosis mamorensis Théry, 1924 | 16 | 0 | 2 | |
| Tentyria grossa Besser, 1832 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Pachychila foveipennis Kraatz, 1865 | 20 | 139 | 32 | |
| Zophosis minuta (Fabricius, 1775) | 114 | 182 | 9 | |
| Trogidae | Trox fabrichii Reiche, 1853 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Trogossitidae | Tenebroides mauritanicus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 0 | 1 | 0 |